Apex Cheat Sheet Online

 Apex is a powerful language used for development on the Salesforce platform. Here’s a concise yet comprehensive cheat sheet to help you master Apex coding.

Basics

1. Syntax:

   • Apex is case-insensitive.
   • Statements end with a semicolon (;).

2. Variables:

   Integer count = 10;
   String name = 'Salesforce';
   Boolean isActive = true;
   

3. Comments:

   // Single-line comment
   /* Multi-line
      comment */
   

Data Types

• Primitive Types: Integer, Double, Long, Date, Datetime, String, ID, Boolean
• sObject Types: Any Salesforce object (e.g., Account, Contact)
• Collection Types: List, Set, Map
• Custom Types: User-defined classes, enums, interfaces

Collections

1. List:

   List<String> names = new List<String>{'Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'};
   names.add('Diana');
   

2. Set:

   Set<Integer> ids = new Set<Integer>{1, 2, 3};
   ids.add(4);
   

3. Map:

   Map<Id, Account> accounts = new Map<Id, Account>{};
   accounts.put(acc.Id, acc);
   

Control Flow

1. If-Else:

   if (condition) {
       // code
   } else if (condition) {
       // code
   } else {
       // code
   }
   

2. For Loop:

   for (Integer i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
       // code
   }
   
   for (Account acc : [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account]) {
       // code
   }
   

3. While Loop:

   while (condition) {
       // code
   }
   

DML Operations

1. Insert:

   Account acc = new Account(Name='Acme Inc');
   insert acc;
   

2. Update:

   acc.Name = 'Acme Corporation';
   update acc;
   

3. Delete:

   delete acc;
   

4. Upsert:

   upsert acc;
   

SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language)

1. Basic Query:

   List<Account> accounts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account];
   

2. Where Clause:

   List<Contact> contacts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = :accId];
   

3. Order By:

   List<Account> sortedAccounts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account ORDER BY Name ASC];
   

4. Aggregate Functions:

   AggregateResult[] results = [SELECT COUNT(Id) total FROM Account];
   Integer totalAccounts = (Integer)results[0].get('total');
   

SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language)

List<List<SObject>> searchResults = [FIND 'Acme' IN ALL FIELDS RETURNING Account(Id, Name), Contact(Id, Name)];

Exception Handling

try {
    // code that might throw an exception
} catch (DmlException e) {
    // handle the exception
} finally {
    // code that runs regardless of whether an exception was thrown
}

Apex Triggers

1. Basic Structure:

   trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert, after insert, before update, after update, before delete, after delete) {
       if (Trigger.isBefore) {
           if (Trigger.isInsert) {
               // code
           }
       }
   }
   

2. Context Variables:

   • Trigger.new: New records in insert/update
   • Trigger.old: Old records in update/delete
   • Trigger.newMap, Trigger.oldMap: Maps of IDs to records

Batch Apex

1. Batch Class:

   global class BatchExample implements Database.Batchable<sObject> {
       global Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext bc) {
           return Database.getQueryLocator([SELECT Id FROM Account]);
       }
       global void execute(Database.BatchableContext bc, List<Account> scope) {
           // code
       }
       global void finish(Database.BatchableContext bc) {
           // code
       }
   }
   

2. Executing Batch:

   BatchExample batch = new BatchExample();
   Database.executeBatch(batch);
   

Apex Scheduler

1. Scheduler Class:

   global class ScheduledClass implements Schedulable {
       global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {
           // code
       }
   }
   

2. Scheduling:

   String cronExp = '0 0 12 * * ?'; // Every day at noon
   System.schedule('Daily Job', cronExp, new ScheduledClass());
   

Asynchronous Apex

1. Future Method:

   @future
   public static void doFutureWork() {
       // code
   }
   

2. Queueable Apex:

   public class QueueableExample implements Queueable {
       public void execute(QueueableContext context) {
           // code
       }
   }
   System.enqueueJob(new QueueableExample());
   

Custom Metadata Types

1. Define Metadata:

   CustomMetadataType__mdt metadata = new CustomMetadataType__mdt();
   metadata.DeveloperName = 'CustomSetting';
   metadata.Label = 'Custom Setting';
   

2. Query Metadata:

   List<CustomMetadataType__mdt> mdList = [SELECT DeveloperName, Label FROM CustomMetadataType__mdt];
   

Best Practices

1. Bulkify Your Code: Always write code to handle multiple records.
2. Avoid SOQL/DML in Loops: Move queries and DML operations outside loops.
3. Use Collections: Use lists, sets, and maps to efficiently process records.
4. Handle Exceptions: Always use try-catch blocks to manage exceptions.
5. Use Custom Settings: Store and manage configuration data outside of code.
6. Test Coverage: Write thorough unit tests to ensure at least 75% code coverage.

This cheat sheet covers essential aspects of Apex development, offering a solid foundation for anyone looking to master Salesforce Apex coding.